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Terminology

Class

Defines the characteristics of the Object.

Object

An Instance of a Class.

Property

An Object characteristic, such as color.

Method

An Object capability, such as walk.

Constructor

A method called at the moment of instantiation.

Inheritance

A Class can inherit characteristics from another Class.

Encapsulation

A Class defines only the characteristics of the Object, a method defines only how the method executes.

Abstraction

The conjunction of complex inheritance, methods, properties of an Object must be able to simulate a reality model.

Polymorphism

Different Classes might define the same method or property.

JavaScript is a prototype-based language which contains no class statement, such as is found in C++ or Java. This is sometimes confusing for programmers accustomed to languages with a class statement. Instead, JavaScript uses functions as classes. Defining a class is as easy as defining a function. In the example below we define a new class called Person.